Film Matters Online: Vision Statement and Guiding Principles. By Sydney Boone, JaZmyn Shambley, and Sophia Stolkey

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If you’re reading this statement, you likely agree that film, indeed, matters. As we assume our new responsibilities as Film Matters online editorial board during these months of global pandemic and political unrest, we have reflected deeply on how, why, and to what end film matters to us as a collective; and we appreciate the privilege of our role as editors, with capacity to feature undergraduate voices that synthesize, challenge, complicate, and clarify the changing ways that films (and all moving image media) matter in our world. These months have incited fear and anxiety, passion and concern, in all of us. We think about the future; and we envision this online journal as a chance to shape and make it. We imagine this virtual space as a site that might give rise to hope—for us and for you—as we conceive of writing and film as directly linked to the deriving of meaning and hope. We write to articulate our collaborative mission and to give shape to what we feel called to do and make.

In Film Comment, Devika Girish writes beautifully about Kirsten Johnson’s Cameraperson as “a reminder that to write about movies is to write about our encounters with them—to not just contemplate the sky and its bursts of lightning but also to tell the story of one’s gasps and sneezes, even if they end up on the floor of history’s editing room.” We envision Film Matters online as an opportunity to collect and foreground these “encounters.” Toward that end, we welcome submissions from undergraduate students and recent alumni that convey responsibility for not only the ideas therein but also for the forms that this work might take (whether film criticism, scholarship, personal/lyric essays, videographic criticism, and digital storytelling). In other words, we want to publish work that has a real purpose for being, that feels not obligatory and staid but rather bold, engaging, and gratifying for everyone involved. We want to publish pieces that aim to connect with people in the world beyond the screen. We hope to publish pieces that exhibit a sense of how others have written about film (historically, critically, theoretically) alongside a fresh and original voice, such that the writer balances context with vision.

We seek work that resembles what Girish Shambu describes as a “new cinephilia” (Film Quarterly): we want “to multiply a diversity of voices and subjectivities, and a plethora of narratives about cinephilic life and experience.” Shambu’s “new cinephilia” moves beyond “predominantly aesthetic” concerns toward a “deep curiosity about the world and a critical engagement with it.” We agree wholeheartedly that film “teaches us about the human and nonhuman world in new and powerful ways” and aim to produce, solicit, and publish writing that “radiates outward, powered by a spirit of inquiry and a will to social and planetary change.” Shambu closes his manifesto with a call for “a cinephilia that is fully in contact with its present, global moment—that accompanies it, that moves and travels with it.” We share this call, and we hope both to consider what this might look like within our undergraduate community (are there shared concerns unique to us? Can film help us to articulate the nature of our hope and unrest?) and also how we, as students the world around, might be poised uniquely to give voice to—and thereby make shareable—our aspirations and fears as a generation. We are especially interested in publishing experiences and interactions with cinema in our current climate, as shaped by COVID-19, the US presidential election, Black Lives Matter, and calls for and insecurities about social justice the world around.

In addition to working with writers and contributing reviews/essays (as appropriate), we will create a regular column about what we’re watching now, brief essays that address whatever combination of escapism and immersion, of challenge and relief, works for us in a given week; we would love for these columns to inspire our readers to join us in experiencing these media forms. In coming weeks, look for our coverage of Hendrix College’s Windgate Museum of Art’s Let Us March On, a virtual and local exhibit about Black Lives Matter. In our own work and in that which we read, we seek perpetually to privilege approaches that transform and open films (and moving image media) more than approaches that delimit and shut down thinking. Whether revisiting canonical films with a fresh perspective or championing new films, whether pointing out privilege or arguing for its undoing, whether celebrating joyous film experiences or bemoaning the opposite, whether describing iPhone screenings or theatrical exhibitions: we hope to read work that shapes the future, that imagines—as a way toward realizing—what all of us together, at our best, can become.

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King of Staten Island (2020). Reviewed by Livi Edmonson

Pete Davidson in The King of Staten Island (Universal Pictures, 2020)

Judd Apatow’s latest installment, The King of Staten Island (2020), is a semi-autobiographical film about comedian and Saturday Night Live star, Pete Davidson, and his life growing up in Staten Island. The generic elements and tropes of the “coming-of-age” narrative are evident throughout, but are showcased through a twenty-four-year-old bum of a character, versus the typical teenage character so often seen in the genre, which offers a refreshing tone to this branded character type ahead of the film. The comedy begins with Davidson’s character, Scott Carlin, cruising on the highway, lost in his own thoughts and likely in the midst of mental breakdown, causing two cars to crash behind him. Now, this opening scene may appear to be intense and even triggering due to the actions described, but The King of Staten Island’s cinematic style, although suggesting there is something wrong in our first glimpse of the protagonist, also keeps the scene contemporary, as rap music blares through the speakers of the vehicle and cameras home in on Scott’s focused face through the overhead mirror. The casual cinematography and the thunderous sound put us right in the car with Scott and, at first, it is hard for us to tell if it is the music that is what has his full focus or something else. When he starts to blink aggressively, eventually clenching his eyes shut for too many seconds too long, this is where the crash comes in. Undoubtedly, the crash was Scott’s fault but, after seeing him in a such a panicked state for unknown reasons, we want to believe that it was not his fault. It is more than obvious that Scott feels terrible about everything, as he mutters “sorry” to himself as he drives off. Already, this seems to be a habit of our deadbeat son and wannabe tattoo artist protagonist: avoiding every emotional confrontation that life throws at him. The cinematography and editing for this film’s introduction alone already set King of Staten Island’s cinematic style apart from Apatow’s other films, letting the audience know that we are in for a more serious comedy from the start.

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Sarah Matthews, Author of FM 10.3 (2019) Article “Threshold Figures: The Babysitter in American Film”

Daniel Hillard (Robin Williams) becomes the liminal nanny in order to save his family in Mrs. Doubtfire (Twentieth Century Fox, 1993)

Film Matters: Please tell us about your article that is being published in Film Matters.

Sarah Matthews: My research began with a desire to investigate the one-dimensional and often negative on-screen representations of babysitters, as well as the formulaic narratives that have become inseparable from them. I was equally daunted and motivated by the fact that there appeared to be no research dedicated exclusively to this body of work. The major finding of my article is that babysitter films can be categorized into three basic storylines, each of which aims to respond to the gender and generational shifts of their production’s context.

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Jason Husak, Author of FM 10.3 (2019) Article “I Aint Afraid of No Remake: Exploration of the Financial, Marketing, and Societal Failure of Ghostbusters: Answer the Call”

Snapchat filter used to promote Ghostbusters (Columbia Pictures, 2016). THR Staff

Film Matters: Please tell us about your article that is being published in Film Matters.

Jason Husak: I really wanted to write an article that showcased the different representations of feminism in film. As a feminist, myself, I find it fascinating how some films use feminism to sell a picture as a tacky new trend rather than as a method to educate and push the conversation further. Specifically, in my article, I explore how Ghostbusters: Answer the Call explores the former by using women as the cheap gimmick to sell the rebooted franchise rather than as vehicles for change in an impactful and progressive way.

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Film Matters Launches Hendrix College Partnership

Film Matters has been moving and shaking this year (if we do say so ourselves!), teaming up with new colleges and universities to expand opportunities for undergraduate authors/editors. We are pleased to announce our latest partnership, with Hendrix College, who will now be responsible for managing our online content here.

Under the expert guidance of Kristi McKim, who has been a longtime member of our advisory board, not to mention the guest editor of several dossiers (both online and in print) over the years, undergraduate students at Hendrix College will serve as joint authors and editors of the Film Matters site. Equally exciting is the mentorship that Hendrix students will provide to their fellow undergraduate authors across the globe – hands-on applied learning in action, as drafts are exchanged between editors and authors. Hendrix students will learn crucial publishing and project management skills on the job. An institution that prioritizes engaged learning, Hendrix College offers a structure within which this Film Matters opportunity beautifully fits as an experience of active learning and pre-professional training.

Kristi McKim, now our Online Editor, is Professor and Chair of English/Film and Media Studies at Hendrix College, where she was honored as the 2014-15 United Methodist Exemplary Professor, nominated for the CASE US Professors of the Year Award, and recently recognized with the 2019-20 Carole Herrick Award for Excellence in Academic Advising. Studying global ecocinema through a phenomenological approach, she has published the books Love in the Time of Cinema (Palgrave Macmillan, 2011) and Cinema as Weather: Stylistic Screens and Atmospheric Change (Routledge, 2013), with essays ranging from the scholarly to personal in journals such as Camera Obscura, Studies in French Cinema, Senses of Cinema, Bennington Review, New England Review, and Bright Lights Film Review. Emerging from a fascination with trees, her current research explores film as natural history.

One of the “Most Innovative Liberal Arts Colleges” (U.S. News & World Report) and one of the nation’s forty “Colleges that Change Lives,” Hendrix College, located in Conway, Arkansas, offers a major and minor in English with a Film and Media Studies track. Chaired by Dr. Joshua Glick, Hendrix’s Film and Media Studies Program positions film, television, and emerging media within aesthetic, technological, and historical contexts. Through taking a wide breadth of courses, students learn to interpret as well as contribute to their media environment through essays, videographic criticism, digital storytelling, curated exhibitions, and long-form filmmaking projects. Hendrix’s English Department also offers tracks in Literary Studies and Creative Writing, which—in tandem with Film and Media Studies coursework—prepare students to read and write a variety of critical and creative forms.

Starting in September 2020, undergraduate students looking for online publication opportunities will now work with Hendrix College, where the newest editorial board looks forward to their submissions. Likewise, filmmakers seeking interview or review coverage. Please email submissions or emails of interest/introduction to:

  • FilmMattersOnline AT hendrix.edu

Hendrix and Film Matters look forward to working with you on future online reviews and articles!

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Suzi Fera, Author of FM 10.3 (2019) Article “Purple Reign: The Contradictory Use of the Royal Color Purple in Disney’s Animated Villains”

Maleficent arriving uninvited to the celebration of the birth of Princess Aurora. Sleeping Beauty (Walt Disney Productions, 1959)

Film Matters: Please tell us about your article that is being published in Film Matters.

Suzi Fera: “Purple Reign” Is a stylistic analysis of the use of the color purple in Disney animated feature films. It argues that, until very recently, the color purple is generally reserved for villains and people who do not fit the American and Victorian ideals that Walt Disney promoted.

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How Netflix Challenged the Concept of Cinema. By Dylan O’Connell

Keywords: Netflix, film industry, distribution, exhibition, brand, algorithm

INTRODUCTION

What defines film? Format is not the answer, considering the industry transition to digital cameras did not disqualify the film label. Perhaps the defining factor is more abstract? I think the answer lies in the experience of film. I think a debate about the experience of film will soon consume the institution of film (by which I refer to the filmmakers, critics, theorists, studios, festivals, distributors, exhibitors, et cetera). Exhibition is a core component of this experience, but most important to my thesis is how changes in distribution have created changes in exhibition and consequently ignited this debate. Distribution and exhibition have been linked throughout film history, especially as the introduction of new technologies such as television, physical formats, and the internet opened new viable pathways for distribution that drifted further from theatrical exhibition. Netflix dramatically altered the exhibition experience of audiences by prioritizing distribution to the home instead of theaters. The company Netflix was founded in the United States in 1997 and, by the end of 2019, Netflix’s US subscriber base had grown to 61.04 million subscribers of a global total 167 million subscribers (Watson, “Number of Netflix Paying Streaming”). During the same period, the number of theaters in the United States declined 22 percent from 7,480 to 5,869 (Watson, “Number of Cinema Sites”). These numbers only hint at a larger narrative about how Netflix evolved as a distribution service and brand, how it created a competitive marketplace of major and minor streaming services, and how it introduced challenges to the established film industry. Said challenges include Netflix’s popularization of home streaming, acquisition of “Original” content, and declination of subscriber agency through a recommendation algorithm. Netflix created an existential dilemma about the experience of film and the importance of exhibition in relation to that experience.

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Joe Day, Author of FM 10.3 (2019) Article “History of Terror: The Non-Hammer Horror Period Piece and British National Identity”

Witchfinder General (Tigon Pictures, 1968). Celluloid Wicker Man

Film Matters: Please tell us about your article that is being published in Film Matters.

Joe Day: This article examines British horror films that have used historical events of the nation to fuel their narratives.

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“‘Ideal’ Femininity Is Actually Just Successful Drag”: Gender Performance in Little Miss Sunshine and Dumplin’. By Leah Gaus

Figure 1.   Abigail Breslin as Olive during her talent performance in Valerie Faris and Jonathan Dayton’s Little Miss Sunshine (Twentieth Century Fox, 2006).

Keywords: femininity, gender performance, drag, pageant, post-feminism, Little Miss Sunshine, Dumplin’

“There’s an absurdity involved in wearing a bathing suit with heels,” says Kimberly H. Hamlin, author of an article on the first years of the Miss America beauty pageant. “Are we supposed to actually do something in a swimsuit or just look good?” (qtd. in Bernard). According to the pageant industry, it’s the latter. Pageant films don’t say any differently, highlighting the rigorous discipline required to even be a contestant, let alone to wear the crown. From thriller-comedy Drop Dead Gorgeous (Jann, 1999) and the everlasting Miss Congeniality (Petrie, 2000) to roller derby drama Whip It (Barrymore, 2009), the pageant industry’s high standards of femininity are exemplified through women who threaten to transgress them. Little Miss Sunshine (Faris and Dayton, 2006) and Dumplin’ (Fletcher, 2018) are no exception, featuring main characters who challenge these expectations, whether or not they intend to do so. Through the talent category of the pageant in each film, Olive (Abigail Breslin) and Will (Danielle Macdonald) expose gender as a performance, simultaneously transgressing the pageant’s definition of femininity and exuding to-be-looked-at-ness; furthermore, each film critiques sexism while engaging with post-feminism, albeit to different extents.

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FM 10.3 (2019) Now Out

Film Matters is pleased to report that FM 10.3 (our final issue of 2019) is now officially out electronically via Ingenta and EBSCO. (Due to the COVID-19 situation, print copies will follow once the Intellect offices are back open.)

In this issue, you will find our remembrance of John Pruitt:

As well as the following peer-reviewed feature articles:

The “Based on Actual Events” Dossier, edited by Fabrizio Cilento and students at Messiah College:

The “Catastrophe!” Dossier, edited by Tom Ue and students at Dalhousie University:

It’s another big issue! And one that we are proud of. For more details about this issue, please visit: https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/intellect/fm/2019/00000010/00000003

Are you an undergraduate author who wants to be published in Film Matters? Then we want to work with you! Please check out our current CFPs.

And stay healthy!

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